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Metaverse in Education: Concepts, Applications, Benefits, and Challenges

The metaverse in education refers to the use of immersive, persistent virtual environments—often supported by technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and 3D digital twins—to support teaching and learning. Unlike traditional e-learning platforms that rely mainly on videos and text, metaverse-based learning environments allow students and educators to interact with digital spaces, objects, and avatars in real time, creating experiences that closely resemble or extend real-world classrooms.

What the Metaverse Means for Learning

In an educational context, the metaverse functions as a shared digital space where learners can attend virtual classes, collaborate on projects, perform simulations, and explore environments that may be inaccessible in the physical world. A virtual classroom in the metaverse can look like a lecture hall, a laboratory, or even a historical site, depending on the subject being taught. Students are represented by avatars, enabling social presence and interaction that goes beyond standard video conferencing tools.